Grammar Chart
Complete the grammar chart by writing the correct verb forms.
Present tense, present participle, past tense and past participle
For example: Choose ➜ choosing ➜ chose ➜ have chosen
Present tense
...
...
Hit
Jump
Kneel
..
Teach
Present participle
Arising
...
...
Jumping
...
...
...
Past tense
...
...
...
Jumped
...
Rang
...
Past participle
Have ...
Have caught
Have ...
Have jumped
Have ...
Have ...
Have ...
Grammar and usage: participle grammar
Participle clauses help us be more concise and add information by:
Giving the result of or reason for an action
Explaining two actions that happen at the same time
Showing event order
ING-form ➜ Waiting for Richard, I made some coffee. (two actions)
3rd form of a verb ➜ Scared by the movie, I hid behind a pillow. (reason)
Having + past participle ➜ Having read for hours, I got tired. (result)
Preposition + ING form ➜ After exercising, I took a shower. (event order)
Match the sentences
Match the sentences on the left (1-6) and right sides (A-F).
Then, combine them into one sentence beginning with an -ing clause.
For example:
(1) Some concrete slabs hold up the walls and roof ➜ (E) They have been severly damaged.
➜ Holding up the walls and roof, some concrete slabs have been severly damaged.
Some concrete slabs hold up the walls and roof.
Several nurses attended the informal meeting.
A group of people were biking past us.
A man was handling nuclear waste.
A boy is waiting for a taxi.
The rough stone steps lead down to the riverbank.
(A) They waved merrily to us.
(B) He was dressed in highly protective clothing.
(C) They decided to immediately go on strike.
(D) They are slippery.
(E) They have been severly damaged.
(F) He is Samuel's son.
Match the sentences
Some concrete slabs hold up the walls and roof. (E) They have been severly damaged.
Several nurses attended the informal meeting. (C) They decided to immediately go on strike.
A group of people were biking past us. (A) They waved merrily to us.
A man was handling nuclear waste. (B) He was dressed in highly protective clothing.
A boy is waiting for a taxi.(F) He is Samuel's son.
The rough stone steps lead down to the riverbank. (D) They are slippery.
Holding up the walls and roof, some concrete slabs have been severly damaged.
Attending the informal meeting, several nurses decided to immediately go on strike.
Biking past us, a group of people waved merrily to us.
Handling nuclear waster, a man was dressed in highly protective clothing.
Waiting for a taxi, the boy waiting is Samuel's son.
Leading down to the riverbank, the rough stone steps are slippery.
Incorrect subject-verb agreement using participle clauses
Subject-verb-agreement means that the subject of the verb in the main clause as well as the participle clause relate to each other.
(subject = the phone) (subject = I)
❌ Found on the ground, I handed the smartphone to the police.
(subject = the phone) (subject = the phone)
✅ Found on the ground, the smartphone was handed into the police.
Change the sentences into more correct versions:
Because the student gave the right answers, the teacher praised the student.
Speaking with them at night, the children were not afraid of the dark.
While in deep sleep, the cat was accidentally kicked.
Mixing the batter the night before, the pancakes tasted even better.
Because the student gave the right answers, the student was praised by the teacher.
Spoken with at night, the children were not afraid of the dark.
While in deep sleep, I accidentally kicked my cat.
Having mixed the batter the night before, I thought/found the pancakes tasted even better.
Exit ticket participle clauses
Write 4 sentences using participle clauses. They can be about anything you want!
The verb in the ING-form (present participle):
The third form of a verb (past participle):
Having + the third form of a verb (perfect participle):
A preposition + ING-form of a verb (present participle):
Challenge yourself by making them into compound-complex sentences (two main clauses + FANBOY + dependent clause)
Share one of your sentences with the rest of the class.